Research

The publication in the journal, Population Studies, by Professor David Coleman and Associate Professor Stuart Basten, provides a more optimistic demographic picture of the future in the West, in contrast to the commonly accepted narrative.

This study, published in the early online edition of the journal, Science, shows that early modern humans adapted to living in the rainforest for long periods of time.

'I would make a distinction between conventions (like tying a tie) and rituals. Rituals are religious but not necessarily in an overtly Christian or traditional way. You might get people who obsessively wash their hands, and underneath that is a fear of pollution, it’s about purification.'

'Rituals are important to us as a species. Our success has, in part, been due to our ability to co-operate in a way that is unusual in the animal kingdom. Rituals provide a kind of gadget for facilitating that co-operation. Rituals are all pervasive in human activity – we adopt them without really realising it.'

'At the dawn of the millennium we had a world in which just over 5% of humanity was connected to the Internet. Only 15 years later, we are approaching a world in which the majority of the population has access. The vast majority of these new connections are in low- and middle-income countries.'

'At the Ruskin School of Art, our research programme includes cross-disciplinary commissions with established and emerging artists. We bring artists to Oxford so that they can work with different faculties across the University.'

Dr Jane Masséglia is a research fellow for AshLI (the Ashmolean Latin Inscription Project) working to encourage general public engagement with translating ancient documents.

Caitlin works with Dr Tom Hart to collect and analyse vast numbers of photos of penguins in the Southern Ocean. By setting up a series of cameras around the penguins' habitat, they have collected unprecedented amounts of information on the penguins’ behaviour during the breeding season.

Paul Newman is BP Professor in Information Engineering at the University, and heads up the Oxford Mobile Robotics Group (MRG), and its spin-out ‘Oxbotica’.

'Mathematical modelling is one of the branches of applied mathematics which takes a question from any of the social, life, medical or physical sciences and transforms it into a mathematical statement that can then be analysed through mathematical methods.'

Mike Mason's current research, as a DPhil student at Christ Church, tries to challenge the way we think about biomass – 'a grossly undervalued renewable energy'. Specifically, he is interested in how we can harness methane (a significant byproduct of digestion in cows) to unlock a huge new renewable energy opportunity.

'I went to the Amazon on a very technical research project to measure carbon dioxide emissions. But I found myself bewitched and seduced by everything about the rainforest.'

100,000 years ago we didn’t have to worry about people on the other side of the world – we may not even have known about people on the other side of the valley. But although we now know about people in distant lands, we don’t have moral intuitions that reflect that. It’s difficult to bring our intuitions in line with our rational theory.

'I think we have to start with journalism to understand news. News is what journalists make. And the tension that we see there is between two different ideals for the profession that are overlapping but not identical.'

Max Roser is originally from Germany; he studied in Austria and then briefly in Brazil before coming here to work at the Institute for New Economic Thinking. His previous studies (in Philosophy and Geo Sciences) left him with a pessimistic attitude to the future.

Michael Kohl is from the Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics. His key research interest is information encoding in the brain.

Professor Russell Foster is Head of the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Director of the Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute at the University. The interview discusses sleep: what is it? Why do we get disrupted sleep? Do animals? And what can we do to give us the best chance of some decent slumber?

'We’ve all got what I call an ancient physiology. We evolved in a world where food was scarce and the effort to get that food was pretty enormous, so everybody stayed thin. But in today’s modern western world there is more than enough food available.'

What is behavioural medicine?

In 1979, after a century of failed conservation efforts and decline across Europe, the iconic large blue butterfly was declared extinct in the UK. But after 40 years of field and lab research by Professor Jeremy Thomas at the University of Oxford, and previously NERC's Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (now a part of the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology), the globally-threatened species has been successfully reintroduced.